Referenced in: none

Automatically associated channels: Kv11.1

Title: Phenotypic manifestations of mutations in genes encoding subunits of cardiac potassium channels.

Authors: Wataru Shimizu, Minoru Horie

Journal, date & volume: Circ. Res., 2011 Jun 24 , 109, 97-109

PubMed link: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21700951

Abstract
Since 1995, when a potassium channel gene, hERG (human ether-à-go-go-related gene), now referred to as KCNH2, encoding the rapid component of cardiac delayed rectifier potassium channels was identified as being responsible for type 2 congenital long-QT syndrome, a number of potassium channel genes have been shown to cause different types of inherited cardiac arrhythmia syndromes. These include congenital long-QT syndrome, short-QT syndrome, Brugada syndrome, early repolarization syndrome, and familial atrial fibrillation. Genotype-phenotype correlations have been investigated in some inherited arrhythmia syndromes, and as a result, gene-specific risk stratification and gene-specific therapy and management have become available, particularly for patients with congenital long-QT syndrome. In this review article, the molecular structure and function of potassium channels, the clinical phenotype due to potassium channel gene mutations, including genotype-phenotype correlations, and the diverse mechanisms underlying the potassium channel gene-related diseases will be discussed.